"Get closer than nature intended." That's the Minnesota Zoo's playful come-on this summer, drawing swarms of people to a new exhibit designed to bring your nose to within inches of a massive grizzly with horror-movie claws.
The $30 million Russia's Grizzly Coast addition has fast-forwarded the Apple Valley zoo into a 21st-century world of barrier-free immersive exhibits, aimed at creating the feeling of entering the animals' own habitat.
What the crowds don't see, however, is a parallel world of enhanced security -- prompted in part by a heightened sensitivity to the dangers zoos can present.
Caches of weapons are hidden throughout the zoo, with shoot-to-kill orders if a man-eating animal were to turn up on a visitor pathway. Law enforcement agencies have been asked to be prepared to hunt down escaped animals with technology designed for fugitives. And the zoo has rigged its tiger exhibit with an alarm system designed to auto-dial its staff in case a storm topples a tree onto the perimeter fence, allowing a tiger to vault over it.
"A cell phone sits at my bedside all night long," said Tony Fisher, manager of the zoo's animal collection. "And if it goes off, I'm comin' in. We've never had a tiger get out, but it could happen."
Zoo officials across the nation have never been more aware how close they are to tragedy. At the Dallas Zoo four years ago, an escaped gorilla went on a 40-minute rampage. In December, San Francisco saw a landmark event in the history of accredited American zoos: the first-ever death of a visitor caused by an escaped animal.
In that case, the animal was a tiger.
The Minnesota Zoo stresses that the process of installing alarms -- the tiger enclosure being first, with others to come -- was begun before the San Francisco tragedy. But officials agree that the death got their attention.