Mackay: Assertiveness is key to getting ahead, but you must combine it with common sense

A new college graduate reported for work on the first day, looking forward to meeting with her boss. She asked if she could speak first, and proceeded to inform the boss that she would not be working on Fridays and would expect to have new office furniture of her choosing. She also let it be known that any criticism of her work would be viewed as harassment.

The boss sat silent, which the new grad interpreted as agreement. But then he stood up and said: "I'm not sure who you talked to about this, or why you think you have that kind of authority on your first — and possibly last — day here, but the answers are no, no and no. And while I admire your assertiveness, you might want to work on your people skills."

Assertiveness can help you express yourself effectively and stand up for your point of view, but it can also intimidate and scare others. You don't want to be viewed as bullying or arrogant.

Finding the right amount of assertiveness is the key, because assertiveness is not always seen as a positive trait.

Yet assertive people get ahead.

Studies show that assertive people have better self-esteem, reduced mental health issues and stress, healthier and more reciprocal relationships and more overall satisfaction with their lives.

Here are some practical tools that can help you take control of your career:

Be specific. The fewer mixed messages you send to people, the more likely you'll get what you want from them. For example, instead of saying something like "I need that sometime today, if possible," specify when you need something from a colleague.

Ask for more information. You need information to make good decisions for yourself. If you think a boss is making an unreasonable request, ask for clarification. That way, you can understand the request more fully, and you'll have the confidence to accept or refuse it.

Take ownership of your message. Use "I" phrases instead of trying to pawn off responsibility. Say, for example, "I need that report on my desk by the end of the day," instead of "They want the report today."

Say no when necessary. In an attempt to seem cooperative or nice, many of us don't know how to say, "No." When you need to turn down a request, provide a short reason why you can't do it. Don't be overly apologetic — just be firm and polite.

Watch your emotions. Try not to get angry or show frustration. If you are too emotional, delay if possible. Remain calm and breathe slowly. Keep your voice steady and strong.

Start small. Develop your assertive skills in low-risk situations by practicing with people you are close to and trust. Solicit their feedback and evaluate yourself, then adjust your approach. With regular practice, you will become more comfortable and natural and less threatening.

The new grad in the first story could have used this advice — for this job or when finding her next one.

Mackay's Moral: Standing up for yourself isn't about changing the other person; It's about honoring your self-worth.