In a large skillet over medium-high heat, melt 1 tablespoon butter. Sauté turkey in two batches, adding about a tablespoon of butter for the second batch, until golden brown and a bit crispy, 2 to 3 minutes, turning once. Remove the meat to a platter and cover with aluminum foil to keep warm.
Add remaining 1 tablespoon butter and olive oil to skillet and sauté the mushrooms until soft. Pour the Marsala and lemon juice into the skillet. Bring to a low boil and stir for a few minutes to evaporate the alcohol, dissolve the brown bits on the bottom of the pan, and thicken slightly.
Return the breasts to the skillet and add the artichoke hearts; partially cover. Simmer until hot, about 5 minutes, depending on the thickness of the breast, but be careful not to overcook.
Serve with hot rice, fettuccine or couscous, and drizzle the sauce over the top of the meat.