When you want to buy something to control aphids, wasps or powdery mildew in your garden, you're probably looking for the safest, most effective product. At the garden center, you're likely to find all sorts of products labeled "organic" and "natural," which implies that these products are safe.
Don't be fooled. Pesticides -- which are by definition poisons -- aren't transformed into safe, environmentally friendly products just because they are organic or natural. As with synthetic pesticides, many organic pesticides pose significant dangers.
Trust the label, not the hype
A quick way to assess the relative danger of any pesticide is to read the label. There, you'll find what's called a signal word. The safest pesticides tend to be those labeled with the word "Caution." Those that are less safe are labeled "Warning." And those labeled "Danger" are likely to be the least safe.
Some of the most dangerous organic pesticides include Rotenone, a plant-derived insecticide. (Though it's no longer being produced as an insecticide because of its toxicity to humans and the environment, it's still available in garden centers.) Another dangerous organic pesticide is Bordeaux mix, which contains copper sulfate, which is a dangerous poison to fish and other aquatic creatures. Ironically, both of these ingredients are among the most effective, naturally occurring poisons.
Even organic pesticides derived from foods may not be entirely safe. Capsaicin, the chemical that makes hot peppers hot, is sometimes sold as an insecticide. Capsaicin also is used to make pepper sprays that are sold to repel muggers. If misapplied, you can bet that it'll sting a gardener's eyes as much as a carjacker's.
How to grow organic
The real mission of organic gardening has nothing to do with pesticides: It's about growing plants so they don't need to be slathered in poisonous goo in the first place.