Deaf business owners overcome obstacles and prejudice

Soon after customers arrive at Mozzeria for the first time, they notice something's different about the restaurant: Virtually every staffer is deaf.

Owners Russ and Melody Stein also are deaf and have run their San Francisco restaurant since 2011. They've managed to have a thriving business by overcoming the obstacles deaf people often face when they become business owners, including stereotypes about what deaf people are capable of doing.

"We have the same skills as a ­hearing individual," Russ Stein said.

Like the Steins, many deaf business owners face challenges that those who can hear may not. They often encounter prejudice. Many don't have the resources they need.

For instance, few online videos and online seminars designed for small business owners are captioned or interpreted using American Sign Language.

It's frustrating to Melissa Greenlee, who runs deaffriendly.com, a Seattle-based website that helps deaf people find services and companies that accommodate their needs.

"While technology has been a wonderful advancement for our community in so many ways, it also has been my biggest barrier to advancement," she said.

Baldridge knows of no studies comparing how businesses owned by deaf people fare compared with those owned by hearing people. Many deaf business owners sell to deaf customers, which eliminates communication problems, he says.

But when the hearing world comes into contact with deaf business ­owners, the reactions are mixed.

The Steins have encountered discrimination from people who hear and don't want to make accommodations to help those who are deaf or hard of hearing. The couple has run into resistance when they ask for help at local government offices, including times when they were trying to get permits required for running a restaurant.

"We have had our rough moments," Russ Stein said. "There have been times when I had to ask for interpreters, and I was made fun of; I was looked down upon."

Vendors and other business owners who can hear are often startled or feel awkward when they first meet the couple.

But most vendors adapt to working with the Steins. For instance, Mozzeria's wine vendor has helped them learn more about the restaurant business. As for customers, some seem awkward when they first come in, but they soon relax and enjoy their meals. "They learn to overcome their fear," Melody Stein said.

The positive and negative experiences of the Steins are similar to those experienced by other deaf small business owners.

Mara Ladines, who owns By Mara, a clothing manufacturer and store in New York, wanted a career in fashion design, but some counselors in ­college tried to steer her toward being a graphic designer, a job that would require less communication with ­others.

Ladines instead took design courses and got jobs at retailers, including clothing store H&M. In 2008, she began designing T-shirts and other clothes with a logo that shows the American Sign Language sign for "I love you." She started the business online and it has grown to the point where she could open a store last spring.

Ladines wants to keep building her business, but she's frustrated by a lack of resources to help deaf ­business owners.

Joyce Rosenberg is a business reporter for the Associated Press.