In a food processor, blend 1/2cup sliced almonds with sugar until finely ground. Add butter, eggs, vanilla and salt. Process until combined, scraping down sides of bowl as necessary (mixture may appear curdled at this point). Add flour and cornmeal; pulse just until moistened.
Divide batter evenly among prepared muffin tins. Sprinkle with remaining 1/4 cup sliced almonds. Bake until golden and a toothpick inserted in centers comes out clean, 20 to 25 minutes. Give cakes 5 minutes in pan to cool. Remove and transfer to a rack to cool completely.
To prepare filling: Hull and quarter strawberries. In a medium bowl, combine with1/3cup sugar. Let stand until syrupy, tossing occasionally, at least 20 minutes (and up to 6 hours, covered and refrigerated).
In another medium bowl, using an electric mixer, whip cream with remaining 1 tablespoon sugar until soft peaks form.
With a serrated knife, split cooled shortcakes horizontally. Place bottom halves on serving plates. Dividing evenly, layer with sweetened strawberries and whipped cream. Cover with shortcake tops.