Brown: Our weary state must find shared reality amid chaos and fear

The 1916 miners’ strike showed the depths of division a community can sink to — and yet recover.

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The Minnesota Star Tribune
January 18, 2026 at 10:59AM
The growing memorial on the boulevard along Portland Ave S. on Jan. 11., where Renee Good was shot and killed in Minneapolis. (Jeff Wheeler/The Minnesota Star Tribune)

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In the study of mental health, shared reality reduces uncertainty and creates a sense of belonging. It is the foundation of community, and sanity.

So what happens when our state divides over creed with the passion of a thousand saints? What happens when a federal agent kills a mother in her car and we can’t even agree on what the video shows?

That’s the chilling moment an entire state finds itself being forced to navigate, a breathtaking submersion into uncertainty, confusion and anger even as the number of ICE agents within our borders swells to unprecedented and astonishing levels. The video recording of Renee Good’s death at the hand of a federal agent wasn’t a choreographed snuff film but a sudden, violent encounter on a Minneapolis street that instantly led to snap judgments of the guilt or innocence of the deceased.

This is why the current moment in Minnesota feels so disturbing and maddening. This is all moving so quickly. From metro to meadow, we watch as the U.S. government fans out across Minnesota, hunting for people and eliciting mass protests. And yet, many cannot find a common reality to name our fear. We must, however, and we will. I know this because we’ve confronted the discomfort of immigration before.

In 1916, an enormous labor strike on the Mesabi Iron Range created two realities, each firmly believed in by two sides for years to follow. As many as 10,000 mostly immigrant miners picketed against U.S. Steel, the largest corporation in the world.

Companies broke earlier strikes simply by recruiting more immigrants from southern Europe, places like Italy, Slovenia and Croatia. But these new immigrants soon learned why previous workers had gone on strike. They were paid not by the hour but by how much ore they mined. They had to buy their own tools, even their helmets and the small candles that kept them from falling down dark shafts to their deaths. An Italian named Joe Greeni threw down his pick and started what became the biggest iron mining strike in Minnesota history.

Rampant fear was the issue then as well. A young girl cowered under her bed when the miners paraded down one town’s main street. Her father was a mining executive and had warned her the men would cause harm to the family. The parade was peaceful, but she believed her father’s words until her dying day, many decades later. Such is the power of fear.

In truth, the company spent more on security guards and rifles than miners had requested in wage increases. The power was worth more than the money.

Soon came violence, death and competing narratives.

The mining company recruited ex-convicts, bouncers, gamblers and washed-up prize fighters to put down the strike. The county, urged by the governor, swore in these men as special deputies, paid by the company but wearing the same badge as public law enforcement officers. They were charged with preventing violence but often caused it. The company didn’t mind. Most papers blamed the strikers, not the cops.

In one incident, company guards shot Croatian miner John Alar during a melee. The union said Alar stood on the front porch of his Virginia, Minn., home; the company alleged he was on adjacent mine land. Alar’s funeral procession included a sign that read, “Murdered by Oliver Gunmen.” The shooter was never identified, but the men who carried the sign were cited for libel.

Striking workers and family members pose with the sign they carried during the funeral march for Croatian miner John Alar in Virginia, Minn.
Striking workers and family members pose with the sign they carried during the funeral march for Croatian miner John Alar in Virginia, Minn. Oliver Iron Mining Company was the ore operation for U.S. Steel at the time. (Minnesota Discovery Center)

A later incident involved a raid on a boardinghouse in Biwabik, Minn., in which a deputy clubbed a mother holding a baby. A brawl ensued. Shots rang out. A company deputy named James Myron and a bystander named Tomi Ladvalla were killed. Some blamed the miners and others blamed the cops. But all the strike leaders on the Range were arrested as accessories to Myron’s murder, even men located 80 miles away. To the authorities, the facts mattered less than the pretext. No one ever faced charges for the bystander Ladvalla’s death.

Just as our current situation may seem hopeless to some, it felt that way to miners at the time. But these competing narratives would become part of a shared story with the passage of time. What the workers demanded, they got. Immigrants became Americans. No private army could stop the public good.

Perhaps we cannot make a direct comparison between those past events and today’s collision of Minnesota immigrants, bystanders, protesters and federal agents. However, we might recognize this moment as yet another story that is being sharply shaped by divided interpretations.

Only the pursuit of a common reality can relieve the mounting and intense pressure we feel and eventually return a sense of community. Along the way, we may renew our rights, as generations must from time to time: freedom of movement, freedom of speech, freedom to associate as we please. In a shared reality, these things would be a given.

Somewhere in the ether of our current confusion, we must find a common language, a deeper understanding, that will allow us to patch our discordant realities. As a nation, we can enforce immigration law safely and respectfully, while bringing our immigrant neighbors into the warm embrace of America. We can pay workers while innovating in business. We can make life better in greater Minnesota while doing the same in Minneapolis.

These pursuits may seem impossible in the moment, especially if you stare too long at your screen. But our foundation is firm. We share rights. We share space. And there’s no reason we can’t share reality if we are willing to try. Fear is no match for common purpose.

about the writer

about the writer

Aaron Brown

Editorial Columnist

Aaron Brown is a columnist for the Minnesota Star Tribune Editorial Board. He’s based on the Iron Range but focuses on the affairs of the entire state.

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Jeff Wheeler/The Minnesota Star Tribune

The 1916 miners’ strike showed the depths of division a community can sink to — and yet recover.

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