How has a $1.1M 'Star Trek' fan movie escaped studio shutdown (so far)?

The original "Star Trek" franchise has inspired countless fan-made films over its nearly 50 years, but a new amateur production in the works titled "Star Trek: Axanar" represents a warp-drive leap from its predecessors — the movie has raised $1.13 million in crowdfunding so far, making it one of the highest-financed fan films ever made.

Originally seeking just $100,000 from a Kickstarter campaign, "Axanar's" producers eventually generated nearly seven times that, raising more than $638,000. On Indiegogo, the crew made 189 percent of their target sum.

They've since budgeted the feature film, which will be broken into four installments, at a total of $960,000, or $240,000 per episode. The seven-figure bankroll raises questions about just how "fan" the project is and at what point it poses a threat to the authorized franchise.

"It's not a traditional fan film, and doesn't have those limitations with it," executive producer Alec Peters told TheWrap, justifying "Axanar's" relatively sizable budget. "Although we fall under the fan movie, we've tried to make the product as good as coming out of the studio."

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The official line from CBS and Paramount, which manage the TV and film rights to the 'Star Trek' franchise, respectively, is not to endorse such a production.

"CBS has not authorized, sanctioned or licensed this project in any way, and this has been communicated to those involved," a representative from the network told TheWrap. "We continue to object to professional commercial ventures trading off our property rights and are considering further options to protect these rights." (Paramount did not return TheWrap's request for comment.)

Studios have historically been lax toward films made by fans, even benefiting from the added attention they garner for their properties.

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"CBS has a long history of accepting fan films," Peters said. "I think 'Axanar' has become so popular that CBS realizes that we're just making their brand that much better."

Previous Kickstarter- and Indiegogo-funded fan films include "Star Trek: Of Gods and Men," which generated $150,000 in donations in 2006 and "Star Trek: Regenades," which drew a collective $375,000 from both platforms in 2014.

"Axanar" has generated more than twice those productions combined, allowing Peters' team to lease a warehouse in Valencia, California, for three years and build a set to make their movie "as compelling as the studio films."

One reason why CBS and Paramount aren't cracking down on "Axanar" may be that that Peters claims to be limiting the use of "Star Trek" logos and likenesses and using only three protected characters, all relatively obscure: Garth of Izar from the original "Star Trek" TV series, the Vulcan from "Star Trek: Enterprise" and General Chang from the film "Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country."

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Beyond the aforementioned characters, Peters says "Axanar" uses the Enterprise, assorted Klingon spaceships and the idea of the Federation and Klingons generally. However, the uniforms, other ships and prop designs are all unique.

"We tried to minimize the intellectual property we do use," he said. "We don't use 'Star Trek' logos, we use the word as little as possible, and … we don't make money and don't sell anything with their intellectual property on it."

While the filmmakers of "Star Trek: Axanar" appear confident that they're operating in safe copyright territory, attorney Lincoln Bandlow, a partner at Fox Rothschild, LLP, insists otherwise.

He added: "Just because there are a lot of these fan versions being done doesn't make it legal."

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Bandlow urged Peters to tread carefully. "If you have permission from a copyright holder to do a fan-made film, there's no problem," said Bandlow. "But it's real risky to be relying on an alleged oral licensing agreement to do such a work.

"An argument that this kind of use is not an infringement at all because no profit will be made is just flat wrong," he continued. "That's not the law … You will be depriving the copyright owners of a licensing fee where you have to presume there is a heavy licensing history … So arguing that they won't make money off of it, that's not going to be a slam dunk."

While "Axanar" may not pass the fair use test, both Peters and Bandlow agree that studios aren't likely to petition for a cease and desist in this case. "Studios just say that it's not worth the fight," said Bandlow.

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Support from fans has been overwhelming, according to Peters. Mostly because, he says, they have been under-served by recent "Star Trek" studio films.

"The new 'Star Trek' movies by J.J. Abrams left fans feeling cold," Peters said. "There was little 'Star Trek' about them. They were basically modern action movies with characters that we didn't recognize. And while good movies … 'Star Trek' fans just felt they weren't the 'Star Trek' they had grown up with."