The June 23 commentary "This area's been told for decades: Segregation won't work" provides a compelling background leading up to the current unrest in Minneapolis. Yet its conclusions may lead us in the wrong direction in search of solutions.

As Myron Orfield and Will Stancil noted, "the billions in resources Minneapolis has directed toward its low-income areas were not enough to address their social dislocation." More specifically, they note that Minneapolis' poorest high school, in 2019, was allocated $20,000 in funding per student, as opposed to the $13,000 allocated to Edina students.

This is consistent with my own experience on education funding committees in the Legislature over 30 years ago where the numbers were more like $13,000 for the Minneapolis students and just over $6,000 for Edina students. This has been the pattern for state education funding for decades.

Moreover, as the authors note, "the Twin Cities has a well-funded affordable housing industry."

Yet, for all of the billions spent, is all we have to show for it smoldering ashes? Numerous legislators and the governor have pronounced an urgent need for yet more spending, including hundreds of millions to replace the looted and burned businesses destroyed in recent rioting. The palpable skepticism this generated among those with long memories in the Legislature was obvious. What assurance do any of us have that these new huge sums will generate any more success for minorities in the Twin Cities in the long term?

As a nationally renowned urbanist, Prof. Joel Kotkin, noted in his very interesting book "The Human City," Minneapolis is not alone among "progressive" cities to face this issue. He cites the National Urban League, a prominent civil rights organization, that lists Minneapolis with such other "woke" places epitomizing urban revival, such as San Francisco and Chicago, suffering from the largest gaps between black and white incomes.

"Notwithstanding the impassioned rhetoric about the blessings of diversity," Kotkin writes, "the most thoroughgoing form of 'ethnic cleansing' now occurs in the 'hippest' urban zones, which increasingly consist of monotonic 'white cities' with relatively low and falling minority populations." He then notes that as places such as San Francisco, Portland and Seattle, although "achingly politically correct in theory" are actually becoming whiter and less diverse as the result of their development policies, the rest of the country, particularly suburbia, is diversifying.

Something of that sort may be exactly what has been happening to Minneapolis. Kotkin cites to a study done at Orfield's own University of Minnesota which found that in the largest 50 metropolitan areas in the country, fully 44% of residents live in racially and ethnically diverse suburbs, defined as being from 20 to 60% nonwhite. Kotkin then cites Brookings Institution research indicating that in the 100 largest U.S. population areas, more than one-half of the African-American population lives in the suburbs.

This movement was particularly marked among families with children. The number of black children living in cities like New York, Oakland, Atlanta and Los Angeles dropped precipitously as families sought out safer streets, better schools and more affordable space. Among other minority groups, these statistics are even more compelling.

Kotkin notes that between 2000 and 2012, the Asian population in suburban areas grew 66.2%, while in the core of cities expanded by only 34.9%. Of the top 20 cities with over 50,000 in terms of Asian population, all but two are suburbs.

The Twin Cities are predominantly suburban in character. The trends toward dispersion of the minority populations into the suburbs are being reflected here, too. We have been, however, subjected to the results of "the cult of densification" in our primary planning agency, the Metropolitan Council, as well as in the core city of Minneapolis.

Rather than taking a genuinely expansive approach that would embrace more affordable single-family construction in the suburbs and exurbs, we are being subjected to a policy essentially discouraging suburban expansion in favor of denser, carless new urban environments favoring affluent millennials looking for core urban living. The rapidly rising real estate values that result in Minneapolis have the effect of limiting less expensive housing choices in the city. The effect of this, in Kotkin's analysis, has been to box in less-affluent residents, including minorities, who might wish to move elsewhere in the city but cannot afford to — or would rather not leave the city.

The question is this: How much of the disparity and segregation in the city results from the focus on creating more density for a market that clearly does not consider where its minority population may want to live?

Frederic W. ("Fritz") Knaak is an attorney in North Oaks.