As students arrive at St. Paul public schools Tuesday, some will pass through new entrances that require card access once school is underway. There will be cameras, new motion detectors and an upgraded alarm system. Ten police officers and 40 contracted guards will patrol the district's schools.
Visitors to Anoka-Hennepin elementary schools will need to swipe a driver's license to gain entry. A similar scanning system at Stillwater middle schools will tap into a national sex-offender base before printing out a visitor's pass.
And while three metro-area districts brace for referendums to raise millions of dollars to bolster school security, others debate installing coatings to make glass more shatterproof, renovating school entrances and whether they should hire more police liaison officers or private security.
As the first new school year begins since 20 elementary-school children and six staff members were shot to death at Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, Conn., last December, security concerns are testing school officials throughout the nation like never before. In Minnesota, officials not only wonder how to pay for improved and added security, but grapple with a new equation that adds up differently from district to district: How much security is too much?
"There's a fine line between building a fortress and maintaining a safe and caring learning center," said Susan Brott, spokeswoman for Edina public schools.
"Schools have to be inviting," said Jason Matlock, director of emergency management and safety for the Minneapolis district, which continually adds cameras, has entryways that require ID cards, and uses 16 police liaison officers and 100 staff members to patrol school halls. "If you harden a building too much, what kind of message is that sending?"
It's a question facing voters this fall in Bloomington, Chaska and Stillwater — communities with referendums focused on school safety improvements. Bloomington is asking voters to spend $2 million a year for security measures. The eastern Carver County district of Chaska, which lost three of its four resource-officer positions to budget cuts, is seeking $1.8 million to renovate entryways, add surveillance cameras and install a key-list door-swipe system to help monitor visitors. As part of its levy request, Stillwater is seeking an additional $450,000 for eight years to remodel school entrances and improve communication systems.
The (expensive) human factor
But the greatest debates concern the guards behind the entrances.