Are you being watched? 7 of the best paranoid thrillers of the 1970s

My job requires me to be open to all kinds of movies, but if asked about my favorites I will not hesitate to say the paranoid thrillers of the 1970s.

The implosion of Richard Nixon's presidency looms in '70s films. It's even depicted in one of them, Alan J. Pakula's "All the President's Men." The loss of faith in government, cynicism about the presidency, fear of the impact a few powerful people can have on public policy and suspicion that the official version of events isn't true — these are all legacies of an era in which Americans saw a disgraced president resign and his henchmen go to the slammer.

The most trusted people in our country were lying to us. Of course we were paranoid, and the movies are always best when they tie into something audiences already feel.

This explains why so many '70s movies feature a protagonist who stumbles on a secret that leads to a vast government conspiracy. Besides reflecting the times, these stories offer freedom for a director to reshape material according to his style and interests. But the key is how closely the hero's journey mirrors our own as moviegoers.

Just like the guy who finds a secret file or overhears a clandestine phone call, we begin a movie knowing little about what we will encounter, and soon (if the movie is good) it engulfs us completely. These films make us part of the conspiracy; we're safe in our seats while the heroes risk their lives to get at the truth. Like the shadowy government figures who tap their phones or pull their children aside on the playground to issue warnings, we are always watching. Even more than other kinds of movies, paranoid thrillers make us aware that we're voyeurs, dying to find out what happens to Gene Hackman or Warren Beatty.

For this list, I would stretch the definition of "the 1970s" to include 1981's "Blow Out." It belongs to the '70s, culturally, because of its connection to earlier movies, its government conspiracy theme and its origin in events such as Watergate (and the Chappaquiddick incident in 1969). The voyeuristic "Chinatown" (1974), while not set in the post-Watergate years, is also clearly a product of them.

"Chinatown" establishes a link to earlier movies, too. I won't go so far as to push the extended dates for this list back to the 1940s, but paranoid conspiracy thrillers are the answer to the film noir of the '40s, equally dark tales that also focused on lone wolves attempting to solve mysteries that were bigger than they realized.

When I tell people this is my favorite movie, they're often baffled. Its reputation has grown since it bombed in theaters, but some dismiss it as a garish knockoff of Michelangelo Antonioni's "Blow-Up," and director Brian De Palma is spoken of as a Hitchcock imitator, if at all. But the movie is a masterpiece, with great performances (John Travolta as a principled sound technician, Nancy Allen as a kind woman with a major clue and John Lithgow as a creep involved in the assassination of a governor), operatic emotions, suspenseful set pieces, a gleeful parody of slasher films and double-your-pleasure paranoia: Travolta slowly assembles a film of the assassination even as we are watching a film about it.

"They solved the greatest detective story in American history," the narrator of the trailer tells us, and he's not exaggerating. It's impossible to overstate the achievement of this elegant movie, which is riveting even though we know the ending and it largely consists of Robert Redford (as Bob Woodward) or Dustin Hoffman (Carl Bernstein) talking on the phone.

Pakula made three all-timers in five years, starting with "Klute" and "Parallax" and concluding with "President's Men." This may be the least known, but it's every bit as good. With Beatty as the prototypical reporter who gets in over his head, it's also really, really bleak.

We may have given up on the idea of privacy today, but in the early '70s? Not so much. Francis Ford Coppola's gripping morality tale is filled with images of people monitoring other people, with a lonely surveillance guy (Hackman), who is both spy and spied upon, trapped in the middle.

The sexual dynamic feels queasy now — Redford abducts Faye Dunaway and she's kind of into it — but the paranoia is strong in this one, where a low-level CIA wonk narrowly escapes a massacre at his office and then struggles to stay a step ahead of the employers who want to finish him off.

Hoffman spent half the '70s running from menacing thugs out to kill him. Here, he doesn't even know what they want. The chilling torture scene, with Laurence Olivier as a double-threat sadist — a Nazi who's also a dentist — did for tooth care what "Psycho" did for hygiene.