Afghan president approves new election law, opens way for transition of power in 2014

KABUL, Afghanistan — The Afghan president on Saturday approved a new law governing next year's presidential and provincial elections, an important step toward a smooth transition of power in 2014 and the final withdrawal of all remaining foreign combat forces from the country.

Hamid Karzai's office said he signed a decree endorsing the law, which defines the legal framework for the elections and which was approved by parliament earlier this week.

The law is supported by Afghanistan's international sponsors and Karzai's approval was widely expected. Foreign donors have made holding free and transparent elections a key requirement for their continued funding.

In early July, representatives from 40 countries reaffirmed pledges of $16 billion in support for Afghanistan, but cited the approval of two new election laws as a condition.

Last week, Karzai approved another law defining the role and structure of the country's electoral watchdog and election commission. The two laws had been debated in parliament for months and were finally given the green light by a joint commission made up of Afghanistan's upper and lower house.

The balloting for a new president and council members for Afghanistan's 34 provinces will be held April 5. Under the new law, candidates have to submit nominations for the presidential election on Sept. 16.

Karzai, whose second five-year term ends next year, cannot seek a third term under the law. There have been worries that he could delay the laws, either to postpone the election in order to extend his term in office, or to have the polls on his own terms.

"I am confident that President Karzai as a statesman of his nation will do everything possible to ensure a peaceful transfer of power in 2014 through inclusive and transparent elections," said Usackas, who had strongly lobbied both Karzai and the parliament to approve the legislation.

Karzai, who has the power to reject legislation, has expressed no interest in a third term, insisting he wants to retire after the elections. But it still remains unclear if he may seek to promote his own candidate, including a brother who is active in politics.

"We are encouraged by the adoption of the law," said Nader Nadery, founder and chairman of the Fair and Free Elections Foundation of Afghanistan, a local watchdog.

Nadery said the new law "is going to provide a better base than the previous legal structure" in place during the 2009 presidential elections.

Karzai's re-election was marred by widespread allegations of corruption, vote tampering and election fraud. He denied the charges but the acrimonious aftermath tainted his relationship with the West and the United States.

Much of Karzai's bitterness and testy relations with America is thought to stem from his expressed belief that Washington somehow sought to engineer his loss in the polls.

Afghanistan's international financial and military backers have said a smooth transition during the presidential election is necessary to ensure the country's stability once all foreign combat troops leave by the end of 2014.

NATO handed over the lead for security around the country to Afghan forces last June, as part of a phased withdrawal of foreign troops over the next year and a half.

The handover paved the way for the departure of coalition forces — currently numbering about 100,000 troops from 48 countries, including 66,000 Americans.

By the end of the year, the NATO forces will be halved. At the end of 2014, all combat troops will have left and will be replaced, if approved by the Afghan government, by a much smaller force that will only train and advise the Afghans.

A wave of bombings late Friday in southern Afghanistan killed 15 people, including six members of the country's security services, said Omar Zwak, a spokesman for the governor of Helmand province.

The most deadly of the attacks was when five members of the Afghan intelligence service and a policeman died when their vehicle hit a roadside bomb in the Sangin district, Zwak said on Saturday. Deputy head of Sangin's intelligence service was among those killed in the explosion.

Helmand police spokesman Shamim Noorzia said three other bombings killed six civilians and two police officers.