On Friday, millions of women will make their way to movie theaters to welcome the third installment of a beloved billion-dollar franchise, "Fifty Shades of Grey" — or in this case, "Fifty Shades Freed."
In case you are unfamiliar with E.L. James' trilogy, let me assure you that the movie's protagonist, Anastasia Steele, will not be freed from the patriarchy. Spotted throughout with scenes of light bondage, the books' hero, Christian Grey, spends most of the trilogy stalking, harassing and pushing Anastasia's boundaries, sexually and physically, much to her satisfaction.
When it came out in 2011, "Fifty Shades of Grey" proved something of a conundrum. Why were women flocking to bookstores to buy 125 million copies of poorly written erotic romance full of scenes of disempowerment? Law Prof. Amy Adler of New York University was quoted in the Atlantic as saying, "There's an interesting tension right now between the mainstreaming of S&M that 'Fifty Shades' represents and also the mainstream horror at rape culture."
That tension is not limited to "Fifty Shades." For it's not just James' trilogy that traffics in tropes of sexy disempowerment. Though romance has come a long way since the rape and "forced seduction" narratives of the '70s, '80s and '90s, the idea that consent is fungible, and that this is sexy, can still be found in many romance novels.
Of course, this was all before the #MeToo movement.
It started with men accused of inexcusable wrongdoing who have been summarily axed from public life — like Miramax's Harvey Weinstein, comedian Louis C.K. and actor Kevin Spacey. Next to fall were those whose sexual impropriety was previously tolerated but no longer would be — like radio personalities Leonard Lopate and Garrison Keillor.
Most recently, comedian Aziz Ansari has been caught up in reports of an evening that smacks of sexual coerciveness if not outright coercion. In an episode later recounted to the website babe.net, Ansari was aggressive. He pushed boundaries. He did weird things. He really wanted to have sex with the pseudonymous "Grace," even though she demurred frequently.
In other words, he treated consent as though it were fungible.