Many public health officials are now warning patients that fruit juice poses many of the same health risks as soda when it comes to obesity and diabetes. What concrete actions can consumers take?

Global nutrition professor Barry Popkin and others advise eating whole fruits (which contain fiber) instead of drinking fruit juices, so that a feeling of fullness is delivered with the sugars and calories.

Some new, less sugary juice products are on the market, he said, but parents also can simply water down juice at home.

Although liquids won't quell hunger as well as solid foods do, Popkin said a smoothie made, for example, with bananas, blueberries, ice and no sugar would be much better than just blueberry juice because the smoothie would still contain the fruits' fiber.

Health advocates also note that even if a product is labeled as 100 percent juice with no added sugar, it can contain high levels of "natural" sugar. Fruit juice concentrates also can make a product much sweeter than juice obtained simply from squeezing fruit.

New York University nutrition Prof. Marion Nestle acknowledges that cutting juice out entirely may not be realistic for everyone.

"In theory, it's absolutely true," Nestle said of the need to avoid juice. "In practice, it's best to restrict to 6 or 8 ounces a day, max. The best advice? Don't drink your calories!"

CHICAGO TRIBUNE

Brush up on caffeineCaffeine is not included on food nutrition labels because it is not a nutrient. It must be listed as an ingredient if it is added to food, but the amount is not required. according to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

The U.S. government doesn't have recommendations for children's caffeine intake, although the American Academy of Pediatrics suggests a limit of 100 milligrams a day for adolescents.

Here are the amounts of caffeine (mg) in common beverages.

• Monster energy drink (16 ounces), 160.

• Starbucks Frappuccino (9.5 ounces), 115.

• Amp energy drink (8.4 ounces), 74.

• Mountain Dew (12 ounces), 54.

• Snapple (peach) (16 ounces), 42.

• Coca-Cola (12 ounces), 35.

• Hot cocoa (8 ounces), 9.

WASHINGTON POST