It looked as if the demand for giant outdoor rock festivals went up in flames (literally) with Woodstock '99, the fest that notoriously became known as three days of overflowing porta-potties, overpriced pizza and oversold campgrounds.
Behemoth rock festivals, however, quickly bounced back. Nationwide, there are more than ever now, from the big kahunas Coachella and Bonnaroo to terrific copycats like Austin City Limits and Chicago's revamp of Lollapalooza.
Several new rockathons enter the landscape this summer, including All Points West in New Jersey and Outside Lands in San Francisco. Even Prince can't stay away: He was added to Coachella last week, his only confirmed U.S. date this year.
"The festivals themselves have gotten better and better, and fans have responded favorably," said Charles Attal, co-founder of C3 Presents, which books Lollapalooza and Austin City Limits. Ticket sales for both were up this year, even before the lineups were announced, he said.
For a lot of 20- and 30-something fans -- including many from the amphitheater-less, winter-plagued Twin Cities -- these outdoor events have become anchors to plan vacations around (and blow their savings on).
"It's about the whole experience as much as it is the music," said Kevin Jewitt, 31, a data analyst from Minneapolis who figures he spent about $1,000 to travel to Indio, Calif., for last year's Coachella festival.
Tickets to Coachella start at $90 for a one-day pass and reach up to $269 for three days, comparable to most fests. Despite the cost, Jewitt not only plans to hit Coachella again this year, but also Lollapalooza.
"I think a lot of people go to [a festival] just to say they've done it," he said, "and they wind up having so much fun they do it again and again while they still can, before they have families or too many other demands."