

The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service reports that continental breeding ducks are up 13 percent over 2008, and up 28 percent over the long-term average.
Pond counts for the U.S. and Canada combined showed a 45 percent increase from last year’s estimate, and 31 percent above the long-term average. As reported here earlier, U.S. prairies, especially those in the Dakotas, are in excellent duck-producing shape, while some in Canada also were better this spring than last.
Here, from Ducks Unlimited, is a look at duck numbers by species and their change in breeding numbers from a year ago.
To read the entire Fish and Wildlife Service report, in PDF form, click here.
The North Dakota Game and Fish Department’s annual spring breeding duck survey showed an index of more than 4 million birds, an increase of 18 percent from last year and 87 percent above the long-term average (1948-2008). The 2009 index is the eighth highest on record.
Pintail (up 157 percent and the highest since 1972) and northern shovelers (up 102 percent and the highest on record) showed significant increases. All other dabbling ducks except for gadwall (-42 percent) showed increases from last year (blue-winged teal, +53 percent; mallards, +43 percent; wigeon, +44 percent; and green-winged teal, +14 percent).
All diving ducks except canvasback (+96 percent) decreased from last year (scaup, -60 percent; redhead, -16 percent; and ruddy ducks, -10 percent). However, all species were well-above the long-term average.
The spring water index showed the largest single-year turnaround in the 62-year history of the survey, according to Mike Johnson, game management section leader. The index was up 293 percent from 2008 and 69 percent above the long-term average. It was the eighth highest in survey history and the highest since 1999.
Johnson cautions that the water index is based on basins with water, and does not necessarily represent the amount of water contained in wetlands. “Water conditions were generally lower than we had expected, given the exceptional snow conditions this past winter,” Johnson added. “However, the spring was fairly dry, and considerable drying had occurred in wetland basins between the snow melt and the time of the survey.”
Additional reports indicate that much of the Prairie Pothole Region from
However, nesting cover in
“This loss of one-third of our critical nesting cover will be disastrous for breeding ducks and hunting opportunities in
The July brood survey will provide a better idea of duck production and insight into what to expect this fall. Observations to date indicate that production will be improved across the state due to improved water conditions and increased wetland availability for brood production.
The big jump in ruffed grouse drumming counts (nearly 50 percent statewide) announced this week by the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources is reason to cheer. Mysterious as these birds are in their habits and choice of habitats, they are even more so in the cyclical rising and falling of their population.
So, an apparent increase in numbers — whatever the reason — is good news.
Yet until hunters in the field this fall actually see that grouse are more abundant, I wouldn’t get too excited. Something seems to have been affecting grouse in recent years, as increases — granted, none has been as significant as the most recent hike announced by the DNR — in drumming counts haven’t seemed to materialize in higher bird numbers.
Various explanations are possible.
One is that the rising and falling of the ruffed grouse population is so steeped in mystery that tracking these birds definitively — whether by drumming counts or any other method — essentially is an exercise in guessing.
Obviously, availability of habitat is important over the long term. The late grouse researcher Gordon Gullion stressed the importance of “edge’’ cover that exists between and among aspen forests (especially) of different ages.
On that front, changes are difficult to track, even in Minnesota, which arguably (actually, it’s beyond dispute) offers the best ruffed grouse hunting in the nation.
(Reasons are twofold: Lots of public land, and generally widespread availability of grouse-friendly forest cover.)
But what’s happened to (northern) Minnesota forests in recent years?
Lots, actually, and much of it unnoticed by upland hunters, much less by the general public.
Consider:
• Lack of cutting on national forests, due to lawsuits and threats of lawsuits by “environmental’’ groups. The trend here is well-documented, and doubtless has affected various wildlife populations, among them ruffed grouse — which (see Guillion reference above) do best in the mix of forest-age classes that cutting produces.
• The economic downturn and the resulting slowdown in cutting on state and private forests. In the early to mid-1980s, timber cutting (particularly of softwoods) across northern Minnesota was really cooking, as particle-board plants near Cook, Minn., and elsewhere operated at or near capacity to fill orders from the construction and home-building industries. Now some of those plants are shuttered, and cutting has slowed dramatically.
• Timber cuttings are conducted differently now than in the past. Guillion and other grouse advocates traditionally have, as above, advocated clear-cutting to aid wildlife, including grouse. Not hundreds of acres of clear-cutting at once, but in relatively small parcels, say 40 to 80 acres (which affects forests not unlike wild fires did, traditionally). But clearcutting is not looked on as favorably any longer, as advocates for forest diversity have contributed to significant forest-management policy changes. Among these is the leaving now in many instances of hardwood “snags.’’ Result: Instead of a northern Minnesota clearcut that would be regenerated virtually entirely by fast-growing aspen, cuttings are occurring on which pines, oaks and maples (among other trees) are allowed to remain standing. Shade provided by these leftovers inhibits aspen re-growth. Yes, this generally is good for a mix of wildlife and forest diversity. But for grouse, clearcutting seems a better way to go.
That said, ruffed grouse remain a mysterious lot.
Why is it that in recent years, for example, as its population should have increased, based on spring drumming counts, haven’t hunters found more grouse?
The most likely explanation is that weather-related nesting conditions didn’t produce the expected hatch.
But it’s possible also that something else is at play — something such as West Nile disease, which some observers theorize could be killing enough grouse each summer to stunt expected population increases.
Time will tell. Or — given the manifold mysteries surrounding ruffed grouse — not.
But if hunters don’t find significantly more grouse in the woods this fall, something’s significantly amiss.
A discussion with Mark Zauhar, president of the Minnesota Trapshooting Association, about the upcoming Minnesota State High School Trapshooting Tournament, planned for the Minneapolis Gun Club on Sunday, June 14.
Question: How many teams will compete?
Answer: Eight. Prior lake. Armstrong. Minnetonka. Hopkins. St. Francis. White Bear. Worthington. Wayzata.
Q: Is this the first such tournament, in which high school teams sanctioned by their schools compete against one another?
A: As far as I know, although some
people say years ago in Minnesota there was a similar tournament.
A: Yes, the schools have to
agree that trapshooting is a part of their athletic program. The kids can earn letters.
A: Yes. And we expect it will expand. It's a spring sport that usually is ended by now. But this year it will end with the state tournament.
Q: How many kids are on a team?
A: We’re expecting 150 kids for the Sunday tournament. The number of shooters each school has varies from about eight to 30. On Sunday, everyone can shoot. But each school's best five-person team will compete against the best scores put up by the best teams from the other school. In this format, the assumption is the coaches will put the team's five best shooters on one team.
Q: The Minnesota Trapshooting Association is sponsoring the event, at a cost to it of about $10,000. What do you hope to get from it?
A: We want to grow our sport. And we want to give kids a chance to pursue trapshooting.
A: It's a 100-target event. So about $25. The rest of the costs, including lunch for everyone, MTA will pick up.
Q: Are some schools reluctant to recognize the sport because of the "gun'' aspect?
A: Some are. But we expect to overcome that, largely. All of the rules have to be followed. No guns or shells on school grounds. Practice is away from the school. And of course we stress safety.
Q: What time does the shoot begin on Sunday?
A: Ten a.m. We'll shoot 50 targets, break for lunch, and shoot the remaining 50.
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