Seeking a way to survive

WASHINGTON- Media companies need to deliver compelling information on a variety of electronic devices and overcome readers' resistance to paying for material online, news executives said Tuesday at a government-sponsored journalism conference.

Rupert Murdoch, News Corp.'s chairman and chief executive, sees a promising future for publishers that can adapt. Key to survival, he said, is giving consumers what they want, how they want it -- be it on a computer, mobile device or e-reader -- and then charging for it, as his company does with the Wall Street Journal.

"We need to do a better job of persuading consumers that high-quality, reliable news and information does not come free," Murdoch said. "Good journalism is an expensive commodity."

Murdoch's comments were echoed during the Federal Trade Commission's workshop, which explored the challenges facing media companies and ways the government can help them survive.

Newspapers, broadcasters and other traditional media companies are in distress as the growth of their online revenue has failed to keep pace with sharp declines in the offline advertising that has historically supported their operations.

The FTC holds periodic workshops on developments across a range of industries, from health care to targeted advertising. In the two-day journalism workshop that began Tuesday and concludes Wednesday, media executives came to discuss new business models, and government officials sought ways they might protect a critical pillar of democracy -- a free press.

"News is a public good," FTC Chairman Jon Leibowitz said. "We should be willing to take action, if necessary, to preserve the news that is vital to democracy."

Leibowitz stopped short of endorsing specific proposals.

Among options being discussed: tax changes to allow media companies to earn tax credits or become tax-exempt entities, and copyright law changes that would force search engines and other online aggregators to compensate media companies for the content they produce.

Also on the table is a proposed change in antitrust rules to allow newspapers to jointly negotiate payments from websites that use their content.

Many of Tuesday's speakers urged government to allow the free market to weed out publishers unable to evolve. "The bold will survive and the timid will fail," said Chris Ahearn, president of media for Thomson Reuters Corp., which specializes in financial news and data.

Srinandan Kasi, general counsel for the Associated Press, also participated in Tuesday's session. The AP, a not-for-profit news cooperative founded in 1846, is experimenting with ways to increase its online revenue through a mix of advertising and higher fees imposed on websites that license its material.

The FTC will hold more workshops in the spring to discuss the ideas that emerge this week in greater depth. It could offer legislative recommendations to Congress.

Many newspapers have been drawing up plans to charge people to read at least some stories on websites. It's a radical shift from the main model for online news for the past 15 years, in which publishers mainly gave it away. That hasn't worked out because it has contributed to a sharp decline in readership of print editions -- where ads generate about 10 times more revenue than Internet ads.

Journalism Online, a startup developing a payment system for newspapers and magazines, will start sending out its software next week so it can be tested, said Steven Brill, Journalism Online's co-chief executive. He didn't identify which publishers are involved, saying only that more than 1,300 newspapers, magazines and blogs have signed letters of intent to use Journalism Online's system.

The industry is still debating the risks of charging for online material -- it could just drive readers to the abundant free sources likely to remain. But in some cases, such as at the Wall Street Journal, online fees can pay off.

The 407,000 online subscribers that the Journal listed in its latest circulation report helped it overtake USA Today as the nation's top-selling newspaper.

"The Internet age cannot just be the triumph of amateur hour," said Robert Thomson, Journal managing editor.

Associated Press writer Michael Liedtke in San Francisco contributed to this report.